《先進航艦》- LSD-41 惠德貝島級(Whidbey Island)船塢登陸艦

克里斯Chris

LSD-41 Whidbey Island class
惠德貝島級/哈波渡口級船塢登陸艦





原文:

Dock Landing Ships support amphibious operations including landings via Landing Craft Air Cushion (LCAC), conventional landing craft and helicopters, onto hostile shores. These ships transport and launch amphibious craft and vehicles with their crews and embarked personnel in amphibious assault operations.


The LSD 41 is a modified version of the LSD 36 class with design efforts directed to support emerging amphibious warfare concepts.The ships transport and launch loaded amphibious craft and vehicles with their crews and embarked personnel in amphibious assault operations. The ships feature a 440-foot well deck capable of holding four LCACs, a flight deck able to land and launch up to two CH-53E helicopters, the Navy旧 latest diesel propulsion and engineering technology, advanced repair facilities, complete medical and dental facilities, and troop berthing accommodations for up to 627 embarked Marines. Limited docking and repair service are provided for both conventional and air cushion craft.


The LSD 41 class ship program replaced the eight aging LSD 28 class ships which reached the end of their service lives during the period 1984-1990. LSD-41 was designed specifically to operate LCAC vessels. It has the largest capacity for these landing craft (four) of any U.S. Navy amphibious platform. The ships use a well deck which is flooded to launch and recover landing craft.

LCACs are assault landing craft capable of speeds in excess of 40 knots when carrying a 60-ton payload. Using this versatile craft, RUSHMORE is able to carry out an amphibious assault against a wider range of beaches at distances that were not operationally feasible in the past. After departing the ship, the assault craft are directed toward the shore by the ship's Combat Information Center (CIC).

克里斯Chris

The LSD-41/49 Class Smart Gator Enabling Technologies (Enabling Technologies) upgrade replaces specified existing machinery control and monitoring systems units/consoles plus the addition of specific equipment. Overcoming component obsolescence, reducing equipment support costs, and reducing workload are key objectives in the Navy旧 upgrade plan.


Reducing the number of different assembly types and total number of assemblies required are considered key factors in meeting this objective. The descriptions of Enabling Technologies follows:



The Local Area Network (LAN) is installed as a ship wide fiber optic communications network used to interface with the Enabling Technology multi-functional workstations (MFWS), view ports and interface input/output (I/O) devices. The LAN will be installed with expansion in mind to support future additional users/technologies. The new Machinery Control System, Damage Control Quarters/Ballast Control System, Integrated Bridge System, and Integrated Condition Assessment System ships Enabling Technology network will utilize this LAN.


The Machinery Control System (MCS) installation replaces specified existing machinery control and monitoring systems units/consoles associated with both the Main Propulsion (MP) and Electric Plant (EP) control systems. The MCS consists of software-based control system utilizing MFWS and Data Acquisition Units (DAUs) controlling the main propulsion, electric plant and selected auxiliary systems.

The Damage Control Quarters (DCQ)/Ballast Control System (BCS) consists of several software-based LAN-resident subsystems including, but not limited to: Damage Control sensor/systems integration; firemain and ventilation/control and display, ballast system control and display. The system will replace the individual control allowing creation of a "central control station" (CCS) in what is currently Damage Control Central (DCC). The Government will provide the DCQ/BCS software, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) software and Interface Control Documents (ICDs) for DCQ/BCS.

The Integrated Bridge System (IBS) converts legacy navigational information sources, such as; GPS, Speed Log, Gyro, Wind bird and depth sounder, into digital data formats and provides them throughout the ship via the LAN. The IBS contains a computer program that uses the navigational data and interfaces with MCS and the steering gear to provide steering and propulsion control both on the bridge and in CIC. The capabilities of the IBS shall include the traditional non-follow-up control, hand electric, auto pilot and track steering.

The Integrated Condition Assessment System (ICAS) software products provide a computerized engineering tool to implement Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) and equipment availability management. Inputs to ICAS consist of both manually collected and on-line sensor data. ICAS shares on-line sensors with the MCS. New ICAS specific on-line sensors shall also be installed by the contractor.


ICAS continuously assesses machinery performance conditions and transmits the information over the LAN to be viewed at the applicable MFWS(s). The Government will provide HMI software, PLC software, and ICDs for ICAS.

The Wireless Internal Communications System (WICS) is an internal wireless communications system installed to provide internal communications for command and control of combat systems, damage control, security, beach guard, sea and anchor detail, administration, and integrated team training. The system shall consist of an antenna/transmission/receiving system, portable radio units, and charging stations.





The Smart Gator Enabling Technology upgrade provides for electronic technology modernization by replacing the existing rigid HMI console designs with Software Alterable Graphic Interfaced multi-functional workstations.

克里斯Chris

Specifications(數據)
Propulsion	Four Colt Industries 16 Cylinder Diesels, two shafts, 33,000 shaft horsepower Two five-blade Controllable Pitch Propellers
Length	Overall Length: 610 ft Waterline Length: 580 ft
Beam	Extreme Beam: 84 ft Waterline Beam: 84 ft
Draft	Maximum Navigational Draft: 21 ft Draft Limit: 21 ft
Displacement	Light Displacement: 11471 tons Full Displacement: 16360 tons Dead Weight: 4889 tons
Well Deck	440 feet long, 50 feet wide, floodable to 10 feet aft, 6 feet forward
Water Barrier	12 feet 3 inches high, 50 feet long, divides well deck into forward (dry) and aft (wet) compartments
Helicopter Deck	Two spots, 212 feet long, 83 feet wide
Speed	20+ knots (23.5+ miles per hour)
Landing Craft	4 LCAC Landing Craft, Air Cushion

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Combat Systems	AN/SPS-49 Air Search Radar AN/SPS-67 Surface Search Radar AN/SPS-64 Navigation Radar AN/SLQ-32 Electronic Counter Measures set MK-36, MOD-6 SRBOC AN/SLQ-25 (NIXIE) Torpedo Counter Measures system
Armament	2 - 25mm MK 38 Machine Guns 2 - 20mm MK 15 Phalanx CIWS mounts 2 - .50 cal. machine guns
Generators	Four Fairbanks-Morse 12 cylinder Ship Service Diesel Generators, each capable of producing 1300 kw.
Ship's Boats	One Mk-6 50 foot Utility boat Two Mk-12 36 foot LCP (L)'s One 14 foot punt
Cranes	One 15-ton gantry crane One 20-ton fixed kingpost crane One 60-ton fixed kingpost crane
Turntables	36 foot diameter, 360 degree rotation, capable of handling two MK-55 trucks
Crew	Ships Company: 22 officers, 391 enlisted Marine Detachment: 402 plus 102 surge
Unit Operating Cost Annual Average	$20,000,000 [source: [FY1996 VAMOSC]

克里斯Chris

Ships(同級船塢登陸艦)
Name	Number	Builder	Cost	Homeport	Ordered	Commissioned	Decommissioned
Whidbey Island	LSD-41	Lockheed	$339 M	Little Creek	09 Feb 1981	09 Feb 1985	~ 2015
Germantown	LSD-42	Avondale	$304 M	Sasebo	26 Mar 1982	01 Feb 1986	~ 2016
Fort McHenry	LSD-43	Lockheed	$272 M	Sasebo	27 Jan 1983	24 Jul 1987	~ 2017
Gunston Hall	LSD-44	Avondale	$167 M	Little Creek	21 Nov 1984	24 Feb 1989	~ 2019
Comstock	LSD-45	Avondale	$153 M	San Diego	26 Nov 1984	12 Jan 1990	~ 2020
Tortuga	LSD-46	Avondale	$153 M	Little Creek	26 Nov 1984	07 Sep 1990	~ 2020
Rushmore	LSD-47	Avondale	$149 M	San Diego	11 Dec 1985	26 Apr 1991	~ 2021
Ashland	LSD-48	Avondale	$149 M	Little Creek	11 Dec 1985	12 Mar 1992	~ 2022

克里斯Chris

Whidbey Island 電腦繪圖:

克里斯Chris

LSD-41 Whidbey Island class 圖集:

克里斯Chris

克里斯Chris

武器簡介：


「惠德貝島」級船塢登陸艦

關於本級艦艇的故事：2003年伊拉克戰爭期間，美國「惠德貝島」級船塢登陸艦承擔了美軍大量的人員和車輛運輸任務。由於該型艦的生活保障設施完備，舒適性好，因此許多美國士兵都希望乘坐它前往海灣地區。

但並不是所有的人都能乘坐。於是在美軍士兵中就有了關於能否乘坐惠德貝島級船塢登陸艦的一些打賭的笑話。甚至在美軍士兵中的一些祝福的語言變成了「祝你乘上它去那不該去的地方」。


    設計：  「惠德貝島」級船塢登陸艦是美國海軍為適應新形勢下兩棲戰的需要而開發的多性能先進兩棲作戰艦隻。首艦於1983年服役。

    影響：  「惠德貝島」級船塢登陸艦是美國海軍兩棲戰艦艇的主力之一，是美國海軍陸戰隊未來一段時間內進行遠程兵力投送的主力艦艇。不足該級艦造價較高，每艘高達5億美元，被美軍士兵戲稱為海上五星飯店。


    國別：美國  

全艦長：1 85 6米  

全艦寬：25 6米  

滿載排水量：1 5726噸  

最大航速：22節8000海里  

主要武器：近程武器系統X 1或近程艦空導彈×2，20毫米艦炮×2，25毫米艦炮X 2，1 2 7毫米機槍X 8，可同時運載氣墊登陸艇4艘，坦克20輛，登陸兵500人

克里斯Chris

在美國擁有的兩棲戰艦船中，“惠德貝島”級船塢登陸艦是美國船塢登陸艦中最為先進的。


截至1998年，12艘“惠德貝島”級已全部建成服役。該艦長185.6米，寬25.6米，滿載排水量為15726噸，最大航速22節；航速為18節時續航能力8000海裏；可同時運載氣墊登陸艇4艘，坦克20輛，登陸兵500人。從第9艘開始，該級艦的結構作了局部高速，使貨物運載能力進一步提高，體積共增加了7倍。

該艦還裝備了Mk15“密集陣”近程防禦武器系統及電子戰系統，成為美國海軍未來主要的兩棲戰艦。