《蒸汽動力》- LPD-4 奧斯汀(Austin)級兩棲船塢運輸艦

克里斯Chris

LPD 4 Austin class
LPD-4 奧斯汀級兩棲船塢運輸艦






原文:

The LPD 4 Austin class of ship combines the functions of three different classes of ships; the landing ship (LSD), the tank landing ship (LST), and the attack cargo ship (LKA). The Amphibious Transport, Dock, is used to transport and land Marines, their equipment and supplies by embarked landing craft or amphibious vehicles augmented by helicopters in amphibious assault.

Although their capabilities are less than those of the new LSD-41 class, the ships of the Austin class, built between 1965-1971, were considered sufficiently modern to have their service lives extended, and the Navy had planned to inaugurate an overhaul program for all 11 of them commencing in early 1988. Their modernization could have extended their service lives to 2005. However, Congress did not authorize funding for the program. Although the predecessor LPD-1 Raleigh class was retired after three decades of service, the ships of this class will remain in service for nearly four decades until they are replaced by the LPD-17 class beginning in 2003.

These ships are configured as a flagship and provide extensive command, control and communications facilities to support an Amphibious Task Force Commander and Landing Force Commander. In an amphibious assault, the ship would normally function as the Primary Control Ship that would be responsible for coordinating boat waves and vectoring landing craft to the beach.

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續:

A secondary mission is evacuation and civilian disaster relief. Hundreds of tons of relief materials can be carried aboard and can be delivered to disaster victims within minutes of the ship's arrival on the scene. The ships' medical and dental facilities can provide limited hospitalization care, as well as out-patient treatment for hundreds of sick or injured.

USS SHREVEPORT departed Norfolk VA on June 8, 1998 as for Exercise MARCOT/Unified Spirit. SHREVEPORT, acting as Advanced Force Command ship, along with several other ships, was a test platform for the new Joint Countermine Application (JCA). JCA is a JMCIS application being developed to support all aspects of countermine warfare. The JCA旧 functions include collection and distribution of the mine countermeasure picture, allowing units to receive and analyze data.

The ships have has a large flight deck for helicopter operations and a well deck that carries amphibious landing vehicles. The ships can carry one landing craft air cushion (LCAC), or one utility landing craft (LCU) boat, or four mechanized landing craft (LCU), and six CH-46 amphibious transport helicopters, or three CH-53 helicopters, and over 800 combat troops. They can also cary 2,000 tons of supplies and equipment, all in addition to her crew of 400 officers and enlisted men.

The LPD 4 Austin class has a helicopter platform built over a well deck in the rear of the vessel. This provides the tactical advantage of being able to lift troops, their combat equipment and supplies onto the same ship. Therefore, the ship contributes to all phases of the amphibious assault.

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續:

The well decks are upper and lower vehicle storage areas, which hold most of the embarked troops' heavy combat equipment, such as tanks, tracked amphibious landing vehicles (AAV), jeeps and trucks. The well deck is capable of holding one (1) LCU or one (1) LCAC and two (2) LARC-5. A mix of LCM-8 and LCM-6 is possible up to four (4) LCM-8 or two (2) LCM-8 and three (3) LCM-6. To facilitate the docking and loading of various sized landing craft, the ship can ballast down in the water, thereby flooding the well deck with enough water to enable the landing craft to enter the well deck through the stern gate door. Once docked inside the well deck, troops, supplies and combat equipment can be loaded into or off of the amphibious boats and vehicles while simultaneously transporting troops and equipment via helicopter from the flight deck.

The ships can simultaneously land or launch two (2) H-1, H-2 , H-3, CH-46, CH-53 type aircraft from the landing spots on the flight deck. The ship is certified for expanded flight deck operations and four (4) H-1 or two (2) H-1 and one (1) H-46 type aircraft can be on deck and turning at the same time. All helicopters will be launched or landed one at a time. One AV-8 can be landed under VFR conditions during daylight hours only.

Propulsion consists of two Foster Wheeler 600 psi boilers, powering two De Laval GT turbines, driving two propellers, providing 12,000 Shaft Horsepower (SHP) each. The four electrical power generators, which are powered by the steam from the boilers, can generate enough electricity to power a city of 26,000 people. The ships have laundry and pressing services, barbershop, ship's store, disbursing, administration, post office, library, welding shop, machinery repair shop, valve shop, diesel engine repair shop, AC&R shop, two evaporators capable of 25,000 gallons of water a day, each. The ships have their own doctor and dentists, with a twelve bed medical ward, bacteriological laboratory, X-ray facilities, sterilizing room and dental operatory. Storerooms and refrigerated spaces, can subsist 1,500 crew members for 60 days, or 500 men for 90 days.

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Specifications(數據)
Power plant	Two boilers, two steam turbines, two shafts, 24,000 shaft horsepower
Length	Overall Length: 569 ft Waterline Length: 548 ft
Beam	Extreme Beam: 105 ft Waterline Beam: 84 ft
Draft	Maximum Navigational Draft: 22 ft Draft Limit: 23 ft Ballasted: 34 feet
Displacement	Light Displacement: 9201 tons Full Displacement: 16914 tons Dead Weight: 7713 tons
Speed	21 knots (24.2 mph, 38.7 kph)
Aircraft	Up to six CH-46 Sea Knight helicopters
Well Deck Capacity:	1 - Landing Craft, Air Cushion (LCAC), or 1 - Landing Craft, Utility (LCU), or 4 - LCM-8 Landing Craft, Mechanized (LCM), or 9 - LCM-6 Landing Craft, Mechanized (LCM), or 24 AAV Amphibious Assault Vehicle
Crew	Ship's Company: 420 (24 officers, 396 enlisted) Marine Detachment: 900
Combat Systems	SPS-40 - Air Search Radar SPS-60 - Surface Search Radar SPS-64 - Navigational Radar Furuno - Navigational Radar
Armament	2 - 25mm Mk 38 guns 2 - Phalanx CIWS 8 - .50-calibre machine guns.
Unit cost	$235-419 million
Unit Operating Cost Annual Average	~$22,500,000 [source: [FY1996 VAMOSC]

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Ships(同級運輸艦)
Name	Number	Builder	Homeport	Ordered	Commissioned	Decommissioned
Austin	LPD 4	NYNSY	Norfolk	21 Sep 1961	06 Feb 1965	~2003
Ogden	LPD 5	NYNSY	San Diego	21 Sep 1961	23 Sep 1965	~2004
Duluth	LPD 6	NYNSY	San Diego	21 Sep 1961	31 Jan 1966	~2004
Cleveland	LPD 7	Ingalls	San Diego	25 Jan 1963	03 Apr 1967	~2005
Dubuque	LPD 8	Ingalls	San Diego	25 Jan 1963	21 Aug 1967	~2005
Denver	LPD 9	Lockheed	San Diego	23 May 1963	18 Oct 1968	~2006
Juneau	LPD 10	Lockheed	Sasebo	23 May 1963	07 Jul 1969	~2006
Coronado	AGF-11	Lockheed
Shreveport	LPD 12	Lockheed	Norfolk	15 May 1964	01 Dec 1970	~2007
Nashville	LPD 13	Lockheed	Norfolk	15 May 1964	26 Dec 1969	~2007
Trenton	LPD 14	Lockheed	Norfolk	17 May 1965	12 Feb 1971	~2008
Ponce	LPD 15	Lockheed	Norfolk	17 May 1965	25 Jun 1971	~2008
	LPD 16			1966	CANCELLED Feb 1969

克里斯Chris

Austin 電腦繪圖 & 艦載武器分析圖表:

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LPD 4 Austin class 圖集:

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武器簡敘:



奧斯汀級兩棲船塢運輸艦



美國海軍的奧斯汀（Austin）級兩棲船塢運輸艦滿載排水量近17,000噸，艦艉設有甲板供直升機起降，艦內船塢可裝載各型登陸艇，由艦艉的閘門進出。


該級艦共建有11艘，1990年初開始進行延長服役期改裝。其滿載排水量16900噸，艦長173.8米，艦寬3.5米，吃水7米，航速21節，以20節航速行駛時續航力為7700海裏。

編制425人，其中軍官29人，士兵396人。可載運1700名全副武裝的人員和2艘氣墊登陸艇。

艦上有6架UH-34或CH-46直升機。裝備有2座MK33雙76毫米/50身炮和2座20毫米MK16炮。