《輕型裝甲》- 斯特萊克(LAV)輪式輕型裝甲車

克里斯Chris

Light Armored Vehicle (LAV)

輪式輕型裝甲車

The Family of Light Armored Vehicles (FOLAV) are 8x8 wheeled light armored combat, combat support, and combat service support vehicles.

以下是LAV車族：(往後會分成類篇介紹)



LAV-25
LAV-AD
LAV-AG
LAV-AT
LAV-C2
LAV-R
LAV-MEWSS


LAV-150 M706
LAV-300




原文：

The GEN II is subdivided into fundamental types. The first (Type), has evolved from the United States Marine Corps (USMC) Light Armor Vehicles. The second (Type II), from the Canadian Armed Forces "Bisons" armored vehicles. The Type I chassis have been primarily used for the combat and combat support roles and the Type II for the combat support and combat service support roles. The LAV-25 is the baseline vehicle for the Type I and the LAV-PC is the Type II baseline.

Both Type I and Type II incorporates subsystems which are common to the FOLAV fleet. The power plant is a Detroit Diesel 6V53T diesel engine developing 275 horsepower coupled to an Allison MT653, 6 speed (5 forward, 1 reverse) automatic transmission with driver-select gear ranges. Power is delivered through a single transfer case to 4 differentials. The four rear wheels drive the vehicle on a full-time basis, but eight-wheel drive is selectable.

The GEN II has been designed and equipped with the capability, mobility, agility, and flexibility for operations in hot dry, hot humid, mild cold to cold climatic conditions and on highways, off road, cross-country, level and hilly unimproved roads, and urban environments. Its low silhouette makes it a difficult target to detect and destroy.

The GEN III configurations are newly designed LAVs from ground up. The chassis is longer and wider than the baseline vehicle. Higher capacity Power Pack, Driveline and Suspension have been introduced to provide more load carrying capacity.

The program objective of the LAV Service Life Extension Program (SLEP is to extend the service life of the LAV Family Of Vehicles to 2015 by:

Improving survivability, sustainability, lethality, and mobility
Improving the readiness of the LAV FOV and,
Reducing Fleet Operation and Sustainment (O&S) costs

The SLEP is an Acquisition Category III. Milestone 0 was completed on 23 October 1997, MS I was completed on 02 February 1999, and MS II is expected to be accomplished in 2nd Quarter FY 00. The Operational Requirements Document (ORD) Change 2 was approved in March 1998.

The SLEP will include all LAVs in the USMC inventory. Formal studies have concluded that the LAV structural integrity is sustainable at least through 2015. However, O&S cost driver studies indicate supportability costs are growing at an alarming rate. Many of LAV readiness issues are being/can be corrected by IROAN (Inspect/Replace Only As Necessary) and modernization through spares. IROAN efforts will be required during the SLEP production phase and will focus on core depot capabilities. SLEP changes to LAV subsystems will improve survivability and sustainability. Additionally, environmental, safety, and health issues will also be addressed.

克里斯Chris

武器介紹：

「斯特萊克」新型輪式裝甲車是美國陸軍自20世紀80年代開始使用「佈雷德利」戰車系統以來裝備和採購數量最大的一種裝甲車輛，其裝備規模之大完全可以說明美國建設過渡型部隊的做法決不是一個權宜之計，而是今後幾十年內美國陸軍建設的重要步驟。

美國陸軍已經確定了供6個過渡型旅級戰鬥部隊使用的裝甲車採購數量。根據已簽訂的合同，美國陸軍將在2008年之前採購10種車型總數2131輛「斯特萊克」新型輪式裝甲車，總費用約40億美元，其中2﹒1億美元用於研究，約38億美元用於採購，估計所需全壽命週期費用達90億美元。

這10種車型為：人員輸送車、機動火炮系統、反坦克導彈發射車、偵察車、火力支援車、工程班組車、迫擊炮運載車、指揮車、醫療救護車和三防偵察車。其中人員輸送車為基型車，裝備數量最多，總數710輛；機動火炮系統用於執行火力支援任務，計劃裝備204輛；其他的車輛有321輛偵察車、252輛指揮控制車和241輛自行迫擊炮車以及火力支援車、工程支援車、戰場救護車和三防偵察車等。每個過渡型戰鬥旅部裝備這個由10種變型車輛構成的裝甲車車族，用於完成機動、進攻、防禦和支援等多種戰鬥任務。



(文章參考：裝甲勁旅)

克里斯Chris

Light Armored Vehicle-25 (LAV-25)

斯特萊克(LAV)輕型裝甲車 - 25


原文：

The LAV-25 is an all-terrain, all-weather vehicle with night capabilities. It provides strategic mobility to reach and engage the threat, tactical mobility for effective use of fire power, fire power to defeat soft and armored targets, and battlefield survivability to carry out combat missions. It is air transportable via C-130, C-141, C-5 and CH-53 E. When combat loaded there are 210 ready rounds and 420 stowed rounds of 25 mm ammunition as well as 400 ready rounds and 1200 stowed rounds of 7.62mm. There are 8 ready rounds and 8 stowed rounds of smoke grenades. A supplementary M240E1 7.62mm machine gun can be pintle-mounted at the commander's station in the turret. The LAV-25 is fully amphibious with a maximum of 3 minutes preparation.


Unit Replacement Cost: $900,000
Marine Corps Inventory: 401

克里斯Chris

數據資料：

Specifications
POWER TRAIN & SUSPENSION Engine 275 hp Detroit Diesel 6V53T Transmission Allison MT653 (5 speeds forward - 1 reverse) Transfer case (1) Differentials (4) automotive, (2) water drive Suspension (8) wheel independent. Full time 4 wheel (rear) Selective 8 wheel drive Power steering Power brakes Selective water drive Water drive: (2) propellers (4) rudders	VISION Driver: (3) Periscopes with 2 levels of laser protection Provisions to accommodate drivers thermal viewer Commander: 6400 mil field of view (7) Periscopes with 2 levels of laser protection DIM 36 target acquisition sight Low light GEN II image I intensification Thermal sight remote display from Gunners DIM 36th Gunner: (1) periscope with 2 levels of laser protection DIM 36th thermal target acquisition sight Rear Doors: (2) vision blocks MIL-B-11352 with laser protection
TOWABILITY: The only variants with the ability to tow are the LAV-L and the LAV-R
AIR TRANSPORTABILITY: (1) C-130 (2) C-141 (5) C-5A (1) CH-53E (helicopter lift)	NBC SYSTEM: M8A1 ventilated face mask system M43A1 detector/alarm system
FIRE SUPPRESSION: Manual Halon 1301 in crew compartment and engine compartment
AMPHIBIOUS: Capable of fording streams, rivers, and inland water ways with minimal preparation.	ATGM WIRE CUTTER: (1) at driver

克里斯Chris

COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT (2) VHF SINCGARS Radio (1) PCRS (3) VHF Radio AN/PRC-68 (stowed) (3) Antenna
PERFORMANCE @ GVW Maximum speed 62 mph Swim speed 6 mph Maximum range 410 miles Minimum turn diameter 51 ft. Maximum trench crossing 81 in. Maximum grade 60% Maximum side slope 30%	DOORS/HATCHES: (2) rear (2) rear roof (1) driver (1) gunner (1) vehicle commander (1) winch (1) side escape
ATGM WIRE CUTTER (2) 1 at driver and 1 at turret	PAINT Interior sea foam green CARC - exterior woodland camo pattern
ON VEHICLE EQUIPMENT Tools, Camouflage nets, Pioneer Tool	[size=+1]ARMAMENTPrimary M242 25mm chain gun Secondary 7.62mm machine gun mounted coaxially to the main gun Supplementary 7.62 mm machine gun (pintle mounted) Ancillary Smoke grenades 2 clusters of 4 tubes each Ammunition[size=+1]Ready: 150 rounds of 25mm in primary bin 60 rounds of 25mm in secondary bin 440 rounds of 7.62mm in coaxial weapon bin 220 rounds of 7.62mm in pintle mounted machine gun 8 L8A1 smoke grenades [size=+1]Stowed: 210 rounds of 25mm 660 rounds of 7.62mm (8) L8A1 grenades

克里斯Chris

LAV-25圖集

克里斯Chris

武器介紹：　


LAV－25系列輪式裝甲車


1983年開始交付部隊使用，主要裝備於美國海軍陸戰隊，用於輸送兵員執行偵察任務。LAV的主要武器為1門25毫米鏈式機關炮，配有雙向穩定裝置，可在行進間射擊。車體採用裝甲鋼焊接結構，下面能防7.62毫米穿甲彈，其他部位能防7.62毫米普通彈和炮彈破片殺傷。LAV－25越野和道路機動能力較強，可由軍用運輸機和直升機進行空運或空投，適於快速反應部隊裝備使用。該車可在未裝備條件下渡過寬闊水域，具有兩棲作戰能力。

車全長6.393米，車高2.692米，車寬2.499米，乘員/載員3/6人，戰鬥全重12882千克，公路最大時速100千米，公路最大行程668千米，主炮為25毫米鏈式炮，備彈630發炮彈。

LAV-25亦是海軍陸戰隊版的M2布萊德雷步兵戰鬥車，一輛全天候、全地形的輕型裝甲載具，具有在戰場上迅速移動軍火和部隊的能力。以一具275匹馬力的柴油引擎為動力，LAV-25最高速度可達65英里，而它的傳動裝置可以在四輪或八輪驅動間切換，使其能夠爬上坡度60%的陡坡。它是完全的兩棲載具，可以渡過河流或湖泊-甚至於搶灘時在近海作業。LAV-25的武裝包括一門25mm主砲塔，一門和主砲同軸的7.62mm機槍，以及一門安裝在指揮官艙口外的7.62mm機槍。


註：參考來源-戰地風雲2手冊、輕型裝甲車戰鬥史，先行整理至記事本，再於鐵傲排版、字體變色。

克里斯Chris

(武器專題)

LAV-25輪式裝甲車：裝甲鋼焊接結構


   LAV-25輪式裝甲車車體炮塔均採用裝甲鋼焊接結構，正面能防7.62mm穿甲彈，其他部位能防7.62mm殺傷彈和炮彈破片。駕駛員位於車體前部左側，炮塔居中，內有車長與炮手的位置，載員艙在車體後部。

(見附圖一)

    該車採用德爾科(Delco)公司的雙人炮塔，裝有1門麥克唐納·道格拉斯直升機公司的25mm鏈式炮。輔助武器有7.62mm的M240並列機槍和M60機槍各1挺。炮塔兩側各有1組M257煙幕彈發射器，每組4具。主炮有雙向穩定，便於越野時行進間射擊。

(見附圖二)

    該車行動部分的特點是兩個前橋採用獨立彈簧懸掛，兩個後橋採用獨立扭桿懸掛。車輪採用洩氣保用輪胎，有中央充氣調壓系統。 該車具有浮渡能力，水上行駛時靠2台噴水推進器推進，車首有防浪板。

(見附圖三)

克里斯Chris

(性能數據)(完)

型號　　　　　　　　　　　　LAV-25
乘員　　　　　　　　　　　　3+6人
驅動方式　　　　　　　　　　8×8
戰鬥全重　　　　　　　　　　12882kg
淨重　　　　　　　　　　　　11099kg
單位功率　　　　　　　　　　15.68千瓦t/t
車長　　　　　　　　　　　　6.393m
車寬　　　　　　　　　　　　2.499m
車高                        2.692m
車底距地高　　　　　　　　　0.500米
軸距　　　　　　　　　　　　1.100+1.335+1.040(m)
輪距
　前輪　　　　　　　　　　　2.180米
　後輪　　　　　　　　　　　2.205m
接近角　　　　　　　　　　　40°
離去角　　　　　　　　　　　45°
最大速度 　　　　　　　　　 100千米/小時（公路）；10.46千米/小時（水上）
燃料儲備　　　　　　　　　　204L
公路最大行程　　　　　　　　668千米
浮渡能力　　　　　　　　　　有
爬坡度　　　　　　　　　　　70%
側傾坡度　　　　　　　　　　35%
攀垂直墻高　　　　　　　　　0.50米
越壕寬　　　　　　　　　　　2.06m
最小轉向半徑　　　　　　　　7.7m
發動機
　型號　　　　　　　　　　　6V-53T
　類型　　　　　　　　　　　6缸廢氣渦輪增壓柴油機
　功率/轉速　　　　　　　　　202千瓦/2800r/min
傳動裝置
　類型　　　　　　　　　　　MT-653DR液力機械
　前進檔/倒檔數　　　　　　　5/1
分動箱型號　　　　　　　　　AG-VST改進型
轉向裝置類型　　　　　　　　前兩軸助力操縱
懸掛裝置類型
　前4輪　　　　　　　　　　　獨立彈簧懸掛，有液壓減振器
　後4輪　　　　　　　　　　　獨立扭桿懸掛，有液壓減振器
制動裝置類型
　主制動器　　　　　　　　　8輪雙管路氣液鼓式制動器
　停車制動器　　　　　　　　傳裝置制動器與分動箱閉鎖裝置
輪胎規格　　　　　　　　　　11×16洩氣保用輪胎
主要武器口徑/型號/類型　　　25mm/M242/機關炮
並列武器口徑/型號/類型/數量　7.62mm/M240/機槍/1挺
防空武器口徑/型號/類型/數量　7.62mm/M240/機槍/1挺或
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　12.7mm/M2 HB/機槍/1挺，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　兩者任選
煙幕彈發射器數量　　　　　　2×4具
彈藥基數
　主彈藥　　　　　　　　　　210+420發(備份)
　機槍彈　　　　　　　　　　420+1200發(備份)
炮塔驅動方式　　　　　　　　液壓/手動
炮塔旋轉範圍　　　　　　　　360°
武器俯仰範圍　　　　　　　　-10°～＋60°
武器穩定裝置　　　　　　　　雙向  


註：參考來源-輕型裝甲車戰鬥史，先行整理至記事本，再於鐵傲排版、字體變色。

克里斯Chris

Light Armored Vehicle- Air Defense (LAV-AD)

輕型裝甲車　(輕裝甲(LAV-AD)8×8防空系統)

輕型裝甲"火燄"防空車


原文：

The light armored vehicle (air defense variant) consists of what equates to an Avenger turret mounted on the chassis of a light armored vehicle (LAV)-25. Its primary mission is to provide low altitude air defense against forces from airborne threats by fixed and rotary winged aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicles capable of speeds of zero to 500 NMPH, at ranges within the envelope of the Stinger Missiles and the 25mm ammunition. A secondary mission is to provide ground defense against light armored mechanized forces.

The Blazer turret includes a forward-looking infrared targeting sight, a laser rangefinder, and the option of employing either Stinger missiles or the rapid-fire GAU-12/U 25mm Gatling gun. The system maintains all the capabilities of the LAV-25 and Avenger with subtle differences. The turret is modified to fit the light armored vehicle and does not have the large crew space of Avenger. The crew compartment inside the light armored vehicle allows two operators with separate windows in the turret to search and scan the air from inside the vehicle.

The turret can slew 360° and has the same standard vehicle-mounted launcher configuration as Avenger. The .50 caliber machine gun was replaced by a 20 millimeter chain gun that provides antiair capabil-ity against aircraft within the inner launch boundary of a Stinger and a significant ground target engagement capability. Each standard vehicle-mounted launcher carries four Stinger missiles that can be fired in rapid succession. The LAV-AD can shoot on the move at speeds up to 30 miles per hour and can operate as an amphibious vehicle. The crew consists of a vehicle commander, two Stinger gunners, and a driver. The crew can communicate within the vehicle by intercom and externally via HF, VHF/FM, and UHF communications nets. The LAV-AD SINC-GARS radio suite is similar to the Avenger’s radio suite and allows for the integration of the remote terminal unit and ground-based data link.

Although the LAV-AD is not an organic weapon system to the Marine aircraft wing, it is important to be aware of its associated organization, configuration, and operating characteristics. Stinger gunners and other Marines with Stinger backgrounds could be assigned to the light armored reconnaissance battalion to employ the LAV-AD. Although the tactics, techniques, and procedures associated with LAV-AD operations are still under development, it is likely the LAV-AD will be used in much the same manner as an Avenger-equipped LAAD unit in direct support of a maneuver element. The current concept of employment states that the primary mission of the LAV-AD is to provide local air defense for the light armored reconnaissance battalion, operating well forward of the fire support coordination line. It also outlines the planned table of organization that calls for an antiair warfare officer to command the LAV-AD company and Stinger staff noncommissioned officers and gunners to serve as crewmembers.

General Dynamics began delivering the new LAV-AD to Marine light armor units in the fall of 1997. The Marines are buying 17 of these systems for their extensive LAV fleet.