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標題: 《首級航艦》CV-59 佛瑞斯特號(Forrestal) 航空母艦 [列印本頁]

作者: 克里斯Chris 時間: 07-8-30 17:56
標題: 《首級航艦》CV-59 佛瑞斯特號(Forrestal) 航空母艦
CV-59 FORRESTAL class
CV-59 佛瑞斯特號航空母艦

亦翻譯成："福萊斯特"

原文：
The development of the Forrestal, the U.S. Navy's first super carrier, represented many significant improvements over previous carrier designs. Forrestal was the first carrier designed specifically to operate jet aircraft, and included an angled deck which permitted simultaneous takeoffs and landings. Forrestal's revolutionary design became the basis for all US carriers that followed. The flight deck had a different layout than later aircraft carriers, with the island placed closer to the bow and a different starboard elevator configuration (one forward, two aft). On the port side, the number four elevator is forward of the two waist catapults -- on later carriers, that elevator is aft of the waist cats.

On July 29, 1967 the USS Forrestal was operating off the coast of Vietnam, when a Zuni rocket accidentally fired from an F-4 Phantom into a parked and armed A-4 Skyhawk. The impact caused the belly fuel tank and a 1,000 pound bomb on the Skyhawk to fall off, spilling JP5 (jet fuel) onto the flight deck and ignited a fire. The bomb exploded, causing a massive chain reaction of explosions fed by fuel and bombs from other aircraft that were armed and ready for the coming strike. Fuel and bombs spilled into the holes in the flight deck igniting fires on lower decks. This was the single worst loss of life on a navy vessel since the USS Franklin (CV-13) was bombed in WWII: 134 lost their lives, while an additional 64 were injured.

[ 本文最後由 jacklf2004 於 07-8-30 06:08 PM 編輯 ]

作者: 克里斯Chris 時間: 07-8-30 17:56
續:

For over 30 years, the sailors and aviators of the Forrestal sailed her though 21 successful operational deployments. In 1991, Forrestal provided support for Operation Provide Comfort, the international relief effort for the Kurds in northern Iraq. The ship completed the first noncombatant evacuation exercise ever conducted from a carrier, as well as many NATO and other multi-national exercises during her final deployment. In February 1992, the Forrestal changed her homeport from Mayport FL to Pensacola FL to become the US Navy's training carrier for naval aviators and support personnel. Forrestal arrived at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard in September 1992 for her scheduled 14-month complex overhaul. The overhaul was discontinued in March 1993 when the Forrestal was designated for decommissioning in response to the decision to accelerate the closure of the Pennsylvania Naval Shipyard. USS Forrestal was decommissioned on 11 September 1993 in a ceremony at pier 6E at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard. USS Forrestal remains moored at Philadelphia Naval Shipyard, awaiting final dispostion. Currently assigned to the U.S. Navy donation Program, she is being held for possible service as a museum and historical center.

Saratoga was launched in Brooklyn, NY on October 8, 1955. Saratoga patrolled off the coasts of Cuba near Guantanamo Bay during the Cuban missile crisis. She was stationed off the coast of Lebanon during the Six-Day War. She saw combat in the Tonkin Gulf during the Vietnam war and in the Red Sea during the Persian Gulf war, and she was the first carrier to transit the Suez Canal by night. Saratoga began her final deployment--the 22d of her 38-year career--on January 12, 1994. Entering the Adriatic on February 1, Saratoga and her embarked carrier Airwing 17, launched the first of thousands of sorties in support of United Nations and NATO operations `Deny Flight' and `Provide Promise' over Bosnia and Herzogovina. Saratoga was decommissioned on August 20, 1994.

作者: 克里斯Chris 時間: 07-8-30 17:57
續：

USS Independence (CV 62) was commissioned as a "Forrestal Class" attack aircraft carrier (CVA 62) at the Brooklyn Naval Shipyard, New York, on January 10, 1959. In June 1988 Independence completed The Service Life Extension Program (SLEP) at the Philadelphia Naval Shipyard. The ship changed homeports on September 11, 1991, deploying to Yokosuka Japan to become the Navy's only forward deployed aircraft carrier. On June 30, 1995, the 36-year-old Independence became the oldest ship in the Navy's active fleet, the first aircraft carrier to hold the honor. The ship is scheduled to decommission in the Fall of 1998. USS Kitty Hawk (CV 63), homeported in San Diego, California, departed 15 July 1998 for Yokosuka, Japan, where will replaced USS Independence (CV 62) as part of a planned rotation of forward-deployed naval forces. Subequently Independence returned to the United States, and was decommissioned on 30 September 1998.

The navy originally planned eight ships of the Forrestal class. When improvements in the original Forrestal design were incorporated into the last four, they were designated as the separate Kitty Hawk class.

作者: 克里斯Chris 時間: 07-8-30 17:57

Specifications（數據）
Displacement	75,900 to 79,300 tons full load
Length	1,063 to 1,086
Beam	129 feet
Flight Deck Width	252 feet
Speed	30-plus knots
Power Plant	Eight boilers, with Forrestal's plant approximately 50 percent lower pressure than other ships in class; four geared steam turbines, four shafts 260,000 shaft horsepower for Forrestal, 280,000 for others
Aircraft	Approximately 75
Armament	Sea Sparrow missiles 3 Phalanx CIWS 20mm mounts [installed during SLEP]
Combat Systems	SPS-48C 3-D Air Search Radar SPS-49 Air Search Radar SPS-67 3 Mk91 Fire Control SLQ-29 EW WLR- 1 ESM WLR- 3 ESM WLR-11 ESM
Complement	3,019 ship's company 2,480 in air wing
Unit Operating Cost Annual Average	$142,000,000 [source: [FY1996 VAMOSC]

作者: 克里斯Chris 時間: 07-8-30 17:58

Ships（同級艦）
Name	Number	Builder	Homeport	Ordered	Commissioned	Decommissioned
Forrestal	CV 59	Newport News	Pensacola	1952	1955	11 Sep 1993
Saratoga	CV 60	New York NSY	Mayport	1953	14 Apr 1956	20 Aug 1994
Ranger	CV 61	Newport News	San Diego	01 Feb 1954	10 Aug 1957	10 Jul 1993
Independence	CV 62	New York NSY	Yokosuka	02 Jul 1954	10 Jan 1959	30 Sep 1998

作者: 克里斯Chris 時間: 07-8-30 17:58
佛瑞斯特號電腦繪圖:

作者: 克里斯Chris 時間: 07-8-30 17:59
佛瑞斯特號圖集:

作者: 克里斯Chris 時間: 07-8-30 18:02
"福萊斯特"號(CV-59)航空母艦

國別：美國
類型：航母
編號: CV-59
艦艇名稱: "福萊斯特"號航空母艦

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作者: 克里斯Chris 時間: 07-8-30 18:03
武器系統：

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作者: 克里斯Chris 時間: 07-8-30 18:05
其他補充：

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作者: 克里斯Chris 時間: 07-8-30 18:09
武器詳介:

「福萊斯特」級航空母艦是美國海軍第二次世界大戰後建造的第一級航空母艦，也是為搭載噴氣式飛機而專門設計、建造的首級航空母艦。該級航空母艦在設計時吸取和借鑒英國航空母艦斜角飛行甲板和蒸汽彈射器兩項重要經驗，創造了美國海軍航空母艦諸多之最，首次在重型航空母艦上採用斜直兩段式飛行甲板。這種飛行甲板的夾角為l0@一13@，斜角甲板部分位於左舷中後部，主要用於飛機降落；直通甲板位於艦中部前端，主要用於飛機的起飛。整個飛行甲板形成降落、起飛和待機3個區，可保證多架飛機同時起飛和降落，而互相不受干擾。首次正式採用蒸汽彈射器，從而使艦載機滑跑距離大大縮短。

　　「福萊斯特」級首制艦「福萊斯待」號於1982年7月正式動工，1954年12月下水，翌年10月加入美國海軍大西洋艦隊。該級航空母艦共造了4艘，另3艘為「薩拉托加」號、「突擊者」號和「獨立」號。最後一艘於1959年入役。該級艦服役三四十年來，先後進行過多次規模不等的改裝。其中，60年代至70年代改裝更新了雷達等電子設備，加裝了艦空導彈。最後一次改裝，一是強化了航空系統，即更換了全部老式彈射器，降低了高性能飛機起飛對甲板風的要求，從而減小艦艇動力系統負荷；二是更新機械裝置，包括大修及更換主機、管道，採用新型電動機，換裝了冷卻水裝置，增加淡水蒸餾容量，並進行改裝升降機和船體維護等。雖然經過上述改裝，該級艦可服役到2000年左右，但眼下已有幾艘退出了現役。

　　「福萊斯特」級航空母艦標準排水量59060噸，滿載排水量79250噸，艦長331米，寬39.5米，吃水11.3米；動力裝置為4台蒸汽輪機，最大功率26萬馬力，最大航速33節；艦上共搭載備型飛機和直升機約84架。此外，還裝有3座MK-29「北約海麻雀」防空導彈和3座「密集陣」近程防空武器系統。

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